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Cerebral Edema and Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Rebaked

Pediatric EM Morsels

The exact mechanism is not known… It was previously believed that it was due to rapid changes in serum osmolality during initial fluid resuscitation. Glucose > 200 mg/dL Moderate or Large Ketonuria The severity of DKA is categorized by the degree of acidosis Mild : venous pH < 7.3 Lesson = treat early!

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Congestive Heart Failure and Sepsis: A Closer Look at Fluid Management

RebelEM

This systematic review and meta-analysis attempts to elucidate whether a more conservative fluid resuscitation approach is warranted in volume sensitive sepsis patients, such as those with congestive heart failure (CHF). Article: Vaeli Zadeh A, Wong A, Crawford AC, Collado E, Larned JM. Am J Emerg Med. 2023;73:34-39. Am J Emerg Med.

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Chemical Burns

Mind The Bleep

Establish IV access and begin fluid resuscitation with 250ml boluses of 0.9% This includes adequate pain control, fluid resuscitation, and stabilization of any systemic complications. Provide detailed documentation of the initial assessment, treatment provided, and the patient’s response to interventions.

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Brain Trauma Guidelines for Emergency Medicine

ACEP Now

This document is an update of guidelines first published in 2000, and then updated in 2007. Confounders to the GCS such as seizure and post-ictal phase, ingestions and drug overdose, as well as medications administered in the prehospital setting that impact GCS score should be documented. 2019;154(7):e191152.

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Paediatric IV Fluid Prescribing

Mind The Bleep

There could be any number of reasons for this but some examples are: they have severe D&V and aren’t keeping fluids down, or because they are pre or post-op, or have presented very unwell and need fluid resuscitation. saline + 5% dextrose or plasma-lyte 148 + 5% dextrose.

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Case Report: a High-Voltage Victim

ACEP Now

Treatment for burns should focus on fluid resuscitation as appropriate based on your institution’s burn protocol per Brooke, Parkland, Rule of 10s etc. Documentation with coronary arteriography within 12 1/2 hours of the onset of symptoms in two cases (three episodes). Emerg Med Pract. 2018 Nov;20(11):1-20. Am J Cardiol.

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Popular Antiobesity Medications Bring New Challenges to Emergency Physicians

ACEP Now

There have been documented cases of overdose, and of note, there is no known antidote. Management of symptoms is the same for all of these, relying upon fluid resuscitation, antiemetics, and electrolyte repletion. Semaglutide has a half-life of approximately one week; as such, it is long-acting and requires supportive measures.