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Best Of AAST #7: How Do You Like Your Platelets – Warm Or Cold?

The Trauma Pro

Until the last few years, massive transfusion in trauma consisted of component therapy, an admixture of packed red cells, plasma, and platelets. Whole blood transfusion is making inroads again, but it is used in a minority of centers. Reference: An analysis of the use of cold-stored platelets in combat trauma.

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The AcT Trial: Tenecteplase vs Alteplase for Acute Ischemic Stroke

RebelEM

Tenecteplase, a modified version of alteplase, is being increasingly utilized for AIS due to its favorable pharmacological profile, ease of administration, and cost effectiveness. Earlier studies looking at tenecteplase dosing began in 2005 and have largely settled on a dose of 0.25 mg/kg at this time for the potential treatment of AIS.

Stroke 135
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A Beginner’s Guide to Vasoactive Drug use in Children with Septic Shock

Don't Forget the Bubbles

And lastly, it’s actually quite hard to see how well the cardiovascular system is working, and this is one of its measurable features. This works well for a while, but eventually, the heart beats too fast to fill adequately. The amount of blood that comes from the heart with each contraction is the stroke volume (SV).

Shock 143
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Imported Malaria

Pediatric EM Morsels

With concern for malaria, it is very important to identify who is non-immune and semi-immune as this can affect both the timeframe for illness after departure from the endemic country as well as severity of illness. Food and Drug Administration Approval of Artesunate for Severe Malaria: Enough to Achieve Best Practice? Clin Infect Dis.

Seizures 281
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ToxCard: Iron

EMDocs

In 1997, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mandated unit-dose packaging for all iron-containing products with more than 30 milligrams of elemental iron. Blood transfusion for clinically significant blood loss. Can titrate up to maximum of 40 mg/kg/hr, although hypotension may limit dose of deferoxamine.

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CRYOSTAT-2: Early Empiric Cryoprecipitate in Major Trauma

RebelEM

Most major hemorrhage protocols give a balanced transfusion of PRBCs, FFP, and platelets in ratios approaching concentrations found in whole blood. The optimal approach to fibrinogen administration in massive hemorrhage protocols is unknown. Fibrinogen products may also be needed to stabilize clots and stem bleeding.

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Trauma Resuscitation Updates

RebelEM

CRYSTALLOIDS Too much crystalloid resuscitation in traumatic hemorrhagic shock can increase dilutional coagulopathy, as well as increase morbidity and mortality Bickell WH et al. The Role of Whole Blood Transfusions in Civilian Trauma: A Review of Literature in Military and Civilian Trauma. NEJM 1994. [2] Cureus 2022.