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Food Protein Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES)

Pediatric EM Morsels

Patients with FPIES can have marked dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea, even to the point of hypotension! – As always, treat symptoms and dehydration based on severity. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 18, 54 (2022). It may sound silly (“FPIES”), but it can be serious! Volume Status?!

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Cerebral Edema and Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Rebaked

Pediatric EM Morsels

Kids < 5 years of age New onset of diabetes at presentation Longer duration of symptoms Severity of acidosis Elevated BUN Greater degree of dehydration and hyperventilation Cerebral Edema and DKA: Diagnostic Considerations Early detection and treatment is the best means to prevent brain injury and death. 2022; 23( 7): 835- 856.

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But Can You Just PO?

Taming the SRU

Other conditions that lead to intravascular fluid depletion include but are not limited to starvation/dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, burns/trauma, hyperglycemia, and hemorrhage. Contraindications to ORT include evidence of severe dehydration which is defined as a volume loss greater than 10%. 2022 Sep 11;5(5):e827.

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Morel-Lavallée Lesion in Children

Pediatric EM Morsels

Sometimes this can be used to our advantage, like when we need to give subcutaneous fluids to a dehydrated patient without an IV, or when we need to give SQ medications for things like Sulfonylurea overdose , Hereditary Angioedema , or DVTs. 2022) Morel-lavallee lesions – diagnosis and practical management of these troublesome injuries!

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Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Paediatrics

Mind The Bleep

Common stressors in children and adolescents include: Infections: urinary tract infections, gastroenteritis, pneumonias, Poor compliance to insulin therapy, Dehydration, Fasting state, Heatstroke Trauma. or HCO3 10-15 mmol/L: mild DKA (5% dehydration) pH < 7.2 or HCO3 5-10 mmol/L: moderate DKA (5% dehydration) pH < 7.1

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Travel-Related Illnesses in Children

Pediatric EM Morsels

In one ED study, ALL cases of missed travel-related illness did not have a documented travel history in their ED note , whereas 90% of the identified travel-related illnesses had a provider documented travel history (Greenky 2022) Those who are visiting friends and relatives (VFR) are typically at highest risk. 2022 Jun:56:113-116.

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Choosing Wisely – Investigations for seizures that have returned to baseline

Don't Forget the Bubbles

An expert committee appraised the evidence behind recommendations to avoid imaging to inform the 2022 NICE guidance. This may include specific clinical findings such as evidence of diarrhoea or vomiting, dehydration , meningitic signs, a history of significant head trauma immediately preceding the seizure, or failure to return to baseline.

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