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Cerebral Edema and Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Rebaked

Pediatric EM Morsels

The exact mechanism is not known… It was previously believed that it was due to rapid changes in serum osmolality during initial fluid resuscitation. 2009 Apr;10(2):155-7. Factors associated with adverse outcomes in children with diabetic ketoacidosis-related cerebral edema. The mortality rate for cerebral edema is 21%–24%.

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Don’t Forget About the IO in the Critically Ill Patient

RebelEM

Critically ill patients requiring resuscitation often present with many challenges including the ability to secure safe, sterile, fast, and reliable intravenous (IV) access. This can often lead to significant delays in proper resuscitation. Studies reviewed landmark-based CVC compared to IO; using IJ, subclavian, and femoral CVC sites.

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Awake, and Paralysed: A Never Event

Don't Forget the Bubbles

Tragically, several attempts at resuscitation upon arrival at the emergency department were unsuccessful. In studies including patients with trauma or Glasgow Coma Scale less than 8, intubation without sedation led to poorer neurological outcomes. Rocuronium ( a muscle relaxant ) alone was administered as he became combative.

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ToxCard: Diethylene Glycol

EMDocs

2,10 Initial stabilization of DEG toxicity includes correcting acid-base abnormalities, electrolyte abnormalities, and volume resuscitation. Volume resuscitation as needed while adjusting for any developing acute kidney injury. Long-Term Renal and Neurologic Outcomes among Survivors of Diethylene Glycol Poisoning.” Schier, Capt.

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SGEM#238: The Epi Don’t Work for OHCA

The Skeptics' Guide to EM

You are the first provider on scene with Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and start high-quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). There was also no increase in survivors with good neurological outcomes with ACLS. JAMA 2009, Hagihara et al. published in Resuscitation 2011. He is unsuccessfully shocked.

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SGEM#189: Bring Me To Life in OHCA

The Skeptics' Guide to EM

This basically means rapid access to ACLS type resuscitation skills (intubation and intravenous drug therapy). It also did not show an increase in good neurologic outcome in the survivors (78.3% JAMA 2009 * Jacobs et al. Resuscitation 2011 * Hagihara et al. vs. 66.8%, p=0.73).

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Chemical Burns

Mind The Bleep

Establish IV access and begin fluid resuscitation with 250ml boluses of 0.9% This includes adequate pain control, fluid resuscitation, and stabilization of any systemic complications. Proper stabilization and detailed communication with the burns centre are essential for optimal patient outcomes. Sagoschen, I. 2020.0056.

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